Lower return temperatures within District heating Systems: A Comparison of Danish and German District heating Systems
Author
Brandweiner, Otmar
Term
10. term
Education
Publication year
2009
Pages
94
Abstract
Fjernvarme leverer varme fra et centralt anlæg til mange bygninger via varmtvandsrør. Når bygningen har afgivet varmen, løber det afkølede vand tilbage; dets returtemperatur er afgørende. Lavere returtemperatur mindsker varmetab i nettet, giver større udnyttelse af varmelagre og forbedrer effektiviteten i varmeproduktionen. Denne afhandling undersøger, hvordan returtemperaturen kan sænkes. Den sammenligner to systemer: Friesenheim (Badenova, Tyskland) med ca. 60 °C i retur og Skagen (Danmark) med ca. 40 °C. For hvert system blev det årlige varmeforbrug analyseret og simuleret. Der blev vurderet, om det eksisterende ledningsnet fortsat kan levere varme pålideligt ved lavere temperaturer. Desuden blev varmeforsyningsanlæg og kundecentraler i bygninger gennemgået for at se, om de kan fungere mere effektivt med lavere temperaturer. På baggrund heraf præsenteres en plan for at sænke returtemperaturen samt en bonusordning, der skal motivere forbrugerne til at bidrage.
District heating delivers heat from a central plant to many buildings through hot water pipes. After a building uses the heat, the cooler water flows back; its return temperature matters. Lower return temperatures reduce heat losses in the network, allow thermal storage tanks to hold more useful energy, and make heat production more efficient. This thesis examines how to achieve lower return temperatures. It compares two systems: Friesenheim (Badenova, Germany) with a return temperature of about 60 °C, and Skagen (Denmark) with about 40 °C. For each system, the annual heat use was analyzed and simulated. The study checked whether the existing pipe network can still deliver heat reliably at lower temperatures. It also assessed the heat supply facilities and building-level substations to see if they can operate more efficiently with cooler return water. Based on this work, the thesis proposes a plan to reduce return temperatures and introduces a financial bonus scheme to encourage consumer participation.
[This summary has been rewritten with the help of AI based on the project's original abstract]
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