Investigation of applying grid-forming converter control on wind turbines and its influence on power systems
Author
Stoltenborg, Nikolaj Stig
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2020
Submitted on
2020-05-28
Pages
72
Abstract
Den øjeblikkelige andel af strøm fra vedvarende energikilder (VE) forventes at stige, hvilket medfører færre traditionelle synkrongeneratorer (SG’er) og flere konverterbaserede kilder. Det skaber nye udfordringer for stabiliteten i elnettet. Netdannende konverterstyring (grid-forming converter, GFC) vurderes at kunne løse nogle af disse udfordringer ved at få effektelektronik til at etablere og regulere netspænding og -frekvens på en måde, der ligner synkrongeneratorer. Dette projekt undersøger GFC’ers egenskaber og overvejelser ved at anvende GFC-styring i vindmøllegeneratorer (WTG’er). Vi udviklede en dynamisk RMS-simuleringsmodel i DIgSILENT PowerFactory, som repræsenterer en aggregeret vindmøllepark (mange møller samlet i én ækvivalent) med GFC-styring. Modellen bruges til at analysere, hvilken netstøtte en vindmøllepark i netdannende tilstand kan give. Den sammenlignes med både en traditionel synkrongenerator og en aggregeret vindmølleparkmodel. Resultaterne viser, at en GFC-baseret vindmøllepark kan yde en netstøtte på niveau med en synkrongenerator. Samtidig har konverterbaserede, netdannende enheder strammere driftsgrænser på grund af hardwarebegrænsninger. På nogle områder kan GFC-tilgangen dog overgå synkrongeneratorer, fordi konverterstyringen giver større frihed til at indstille designparametre.
At any given moment, the share of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) is expected to keep rising. This shift means fewer traditional synchronous generators (SGs) and more converter-based sources, creating new grid stability challenges. Grid-forming converter (GFC) control is seen as a promising approach because it lets power electronics establish and regulate grid voltage and frequency in a generator-like way. This project examines how GFCs behave and what to consider when applying GFC control to wind turbine generators (WTGs). We built a dynamic RMS simulation model in DIgSILENT PowerFactory to represent an aggregated wind farm (many turbines represented as one equivalent) operating with GFC control. We used this model to study the power system support a grid-forming wind farm can provide and compared it with a conventional synchronous generator and an aggregated wind farm model. The results show that a GFC-based wind farm can provide grid support similar to a synchronous generator. However, unlike synchronous machines, converter-based grid-forming units face stricter operating boundaries due to hardware limits. In some areas, the GFC approach can outperform synchronous generators because converter controls offer greater freedom to tune design parameters.
[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]
Keywords
GFC ; Grid-forming ; WTG ; PowerFactory
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