FUTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT THE CONTRUCTION SITE: BIM INSIDE THE CONTRACTORS ORGANIZATION: INFORMATION SHARING AND TRANSFERRING ALONG THE CONSTRUCTION STAGE. APPLICATION OF BIM IN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

Abstract

Konstruktions firmaer står med udfordrende problemer nu til dags. Mangel på projekter for konstruktioner er en af problemerne i konstruktions-sektoren. Med problemet om manglende projekter, er der høj konkurrence mellen natioanle of internationale firmaer til at vidergive disse projekter. Denne konkurrence, betyder at i mange tilfælde til priser givet blot at tildele projektet. Som en konksekvens af dette er der mange mangler, som udspejler sig i flere problemer i det pågældende firma. Men de fleste mangler forekommer på grund af manglende kommunikation og organisation i selve firmaet. Der er ingen samarbejde mellem holdene og afdelingerne. Arbejdet er udført på sådan en måde, at afdelingerne var seperate firmaer i selve firmaet. En ny tilgang er på vej i konstruktions-sektoren, Building Modelling Information (BIM). BIM er rost til at være et samarbejdende-værktøj. BIM prøver stadigvæk at etablere sig i konstruktions-sektoren. BIM har revolutioneret design processen af projekter med dens ”Parametric Building Design technology”. Objekterne har kapaciteten til at lagre informationer, således at modellerne kan blive visualiseret i 3D. Med BIM, så kan konstruktions processen bliver simlueret, ved at tilføje tiden og prisen i 3D-modellerne. En visualitation tæt på virkeligheden kan opnås gennem disse simluationer. Mange projekter var allerede lavet med hjælp af BIM som en support til design-, konstruktion- og facilitet processerne igennem dens livsstil. Men meget få, eller næsten ingen, infrastruktur projekter er blevet analyseret. Dette projekt har intentionerne at studere informations processen inden for konsuktrions firmaer. Ideen er at analysere samarbejds-funktionen af BIM som en hjælp til informations deling. Baseret på projektets livstid, konstruktionen stadiet er analyseret til informations deling og viderføring. Da dette er en ny tilgang som er i gang med at blive implementeret, organisation- og arbejdsprocessen er ydermere studeret. Under analysen af BIM, er nogle af de eksisterende værktøjer gennemgået. På samme tid, baseret på et infrastrukturelt projekt, er benyttelsen af BIM også studeret. Derfor, vil dette projekt blive delt op i 6 kapitler. Det første kapitel, Intruduktionen, vil præsentere strukturen af dette afgangsprojekt, de første ideer, indtrykket, problemet og formålet med dette projekt. I kapitel to er metoden præsenteret for dette projekt. Det tredje kapitel indeholder en tilgang til emnerne af konstruktions-ledelse og projekt-ledelse. Kapite fire indeholder state of art. BIM emner er udarbejdet i dette kapitel. I dette kapitel vil det præsenteres hvad der er blevet lavet hidtil med BIM og til hvilken grad dette er udviklet. BIM’s histore er præsenteret, sammen med nogle studie cases. Det femte kapitel er hvor problemerne er analyseret. Den nuværende situation, behovet og fremtidige løsninger er præsenteret i dette kapitel. Kapitel seks indeholder en diskussion af de mest relevante problemer og de respektive løsninger. Dette kapitel indeholder også fremtidige perspektiver, med nogle forslag om fremtidig arbejdsmuligheder og forskning.

Construction companies are facing nowadays several problems. The lack of projects for construct is one of the problems in the construction sector. With the problem of existing less projects, come high competition between national and international companies for awarding the projects. This competition, leads in many cases to prices given just to award the project. As a consequence many losses occur from this works, which lead to more problems into the company. But, most of the losses occur due the lack of communication and organization inside the organization. There is no collaboration between the teams and the departments. The work processes are done as if the departments were different organizations. A new approach is emerging in the construction sector, Building Modelling Information (BIM). BIM is praised as been a collaborative tool. However, BIM is still trying to have its affirmation into the construction sector. BIM has revolutionized the design process of the projects with its Parametric Building Design technology. The objects have the capacity to carry information, the models can be visualized in 3D. With BIM, the construction process can be simulated, by adding the time a the costs to the 3D models. A visualization close to the reality can be achieved through these simulations. Many projects were already made by using BIM to support the design, construction and facility management processes along its lifecycle. However very few or none infrastructure projects where yet analysed. The present work intends to study the information process within construction companies. The idea of this study is to analyse the collaborative feature of BIM to help in the information sharing. Based on the project lifecycle, the construction stage is analysed for information sharing and transference. Since this is a new approach which is starting to be implemented, the organizational and works processes are further studied. When studying BIM, some of the existing tools are analysed. At the same time, based on an infrastructure project, the application of BIM in these type of projects is studied. Thus, the present work is organized into six chapters. The first chapter, the Introduction, presents the structure of this thesis, the initial ideas and impressions, the problem and the scope of the project. In chapter two is presented the methodology used for doing this work. The third chapter have a approaches the topic of construction management and project management. In this chapter are defined the concepts which are used for analysing the problem. Chapter number four contains the state of art. BIM topic is developed in this chapter by presenting what is it. Also, what has been done so far with BIM and it's level of development are shown here. BIM's history is presented, together with some case studies. The fifth chapter is where the problems are analysed. The current situation, the needs and the possible future solutions are presented in this chapter. Chapter six contains the discussions about the most relevant problems and respective conclusions. This chapter also contains the future perspectives, with some suggestions for future works and research.

A master thesis from Aalborg University

FUTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT THE CONTRUCTION SITE: BIM INSIDE THE CONTRACTORS ORGANIZATION: INFORMATION SHARING AND TRANSFERRING ALONG THE CONSTRUCTION STAGE. APPLICATION OF BIM IN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS