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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
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Digital Challenges in the Arctic: The Impact and Maintenance of MitID in Greenland

Authors

;

Term

4. term

Publication year

2024

Submitted on

Pages

79

Abstract

Digitalisation is expanding in Greenland and worldwide, with MitID—a system for secure digital identification—as a key example. When MitID was introduced in Greenland, it faced major challenges rooted in the country’s unique cultural, historical, and geographical context. Through fieldwork in Nuuk and Ilulissat, we examine these challenges and find that the rollout still carries artefacts from the Danish context it was designed for—such as rules, assumptions, and procedures that do not always fit locally. Drawing on research in infrastructure, maintenance, and repair, we show that MitID and the systems around it depend on extensive invisible work. This includes technical operations and troubleshooting, as well as teaching, translation, and everyday help for users. For a vast country with long distances and many remote communities, digital services can be highly valuable. At the same time, they rely on solid digital connectivity (internet, devices) and social connectivity (local support, trust, and skills) across the territory. Inspired by ethnographic work on the Zimbabwe Bush Pump and by incorporating the Inuit concept of Sila and its cultural significance, we argue that future digital solutions must be anchored in Greenland’s own context. This is essential to promote inclusion and avoid marginalisation when rolling out digital services.

Digitalisering vokser i Grønland og globalt, blandt andet med MitID som sikker digital identifikation. Da MitID blev indført i Grønland, opstod der betydelige udfordringer på grund af landets særlige kulturelle, historiske og geografiske forhold. Gennem feltarbejde i Nuuk og Ilulissat undersøger vi disse udfordringer og finder, at implementeringen af MitID bærer præg af arv fra den danske kontekst, som løsningen er udviklet til—fx regler, antagelser og arbejdsgange, der ikke altid passer lokalt. Med afsæt i forskning i infrastruktur, vedligeholdelse og reparation viser vi, at MitID og de omkringliggende systemer holdes kørende af meget usynligt arbejde. Det omfatter både teknisk drift og fejlsøgning samt undervisning, oversættelse og hverdagsstøtte til brugere. For et stort land med lange afstande og mange små, spredte lokalsamfund kan digitale tjenester være til stor gavn. Samtidig kræver de pålidelig digital forbindelse (internet, udstyr) og social forbundethed (lokal støtte, tillid og kompetencer) på tværs af landet. Med inspiration fra etnografisk forskning i Zimbabwe Bush Pump og ved at inddrage det inuitiske begreb Sila og dets kulturelle betydning argumenterer vi for, at fremtidige digitale løsninger skal forankres i Grønlands egne forhold. Det er afgørende for at fremme inklusion og undgå marginalisering, når digitale tjenester rulles ud.

[This apstract has been rewritten with the help of AI based on the project's original abstract]