Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2009
Submitted on
2009-06-04
Pages
92 pages
Abstract
The membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology for wastewater treatment has been of growing interest since the late 1980s due to increasing needs for water reuse and stricter environmental demands. However, lacking understanding of the fouling problems is still an obstacle that needs to be cleared before the MBR technology is fully competitive with conventional wastewater treatment processes. This project focuses on the characteristics of sludge flocs in MBR systems since these are found to be the main origin of foulants. The sludge flocs in MBR systems are typically exposed to higher shear rates than in the conventional wastewater treatment plants, and this is expected to affect the sludge floc characteristics. Therefore, the characteristics of MBR sludge were compared to conventional activated sludge (CAS). Two submerged MBR systems were used during this project, i.e. a pilot MBR placed at a municipal wastewater treatment plant and a labscale MBR placed at Aalborg University. The labscale MBR was build to be comparable to the pilot MBR. Sludge flocs from both MBR and the corresponding CAS were analyzed in terms of macroscopic and microscopic changes during the operation periods. Macroscopic analysis involved size and floc strength measurements and were both found to be dependent of the shear level in the MBR systems. Microscopic analysis involved determination of carbohydrates, proteins and humus, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. These measurements showed some changes of EPS composition, however none that could be ascribed directly to the shear levels in the MBR systems. The two MBR systems were found to be comparable in terms of the analysis results, even though some main parameters were not the same.
Interessen for membran bioreaktor (MBR) teknologien til spildevandsrensning har globalt set været stigende siden slutningen af 1980’erne som følge af øget behov for genanvendelse af vand og skærpede miljøkrav. Dog er manglende viden om fouling problemer stadig en forhindring, der skal fjernes før MBR teknologien bliver fuldt konkurrencedygtig i forhold til konventionel spildevandsrensning. Dette projekt fokuserer på karakteristika for slamflokkene i MBR systemer, da disse er hovedkilden til fouling. Slamflokkene i MBR systemer er typisk udsat for højere shear rater end i det konventionelle spildevandsrensningsanlæg, og dette forventes at påvirke slamflokkenes karakteristika. Derfor er karakteristika for MBR slamflokkene sammenlignet med samme værdier for konventionelt aktiveret slam. To nedsænkede MBR systemer blev brugt gennem dette projekt; en pilot MBR placeret på et kommunalt spildevandsrensningsanlæg og en labskala MBR placeret på Aalborg Universitet. Labskala MBR’en blev opbygget så den var sammenlignelig med pilot MBR’en. Slamflokke fra både MBR og den tilhørende konventionelle aktive slam blev analyseret i forhold til makroskopiske og mikroskopiske ændringer under driftsperioden. De makroskopiske analyser inkluderede flokstørrelse og -styrke målinger og begge parametre ændredes som følge af shear niveauet i MBR systemerne. De mikroskopiske analyser omhandlede bestemmelse af sukker, protein og humus, hydrofob interaktionskromatografi og størrelseseksklusions-kromatografi. Disse målinger viste ændringer af slamkarakteristika, men disse kunne ikke direkte tilskrives shear niveauet i MBR systemerne. De to MBR systemer viste sig at være sammenlignelige i forhold til forsøgsresultaterne selvom nogle vigtige parametre ikke var ens.
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