Advanced Active Power and Frequency Control of Wind Power Plants
Author
Ionita, Claudiu
Term
4. term
Education
Publication year
2017
Submitted on
2017-06-01
Pages
61
Abstract
Specialet fokuserer på at designe og indstille en controller til en vindmøllepark, der styrer aktiv effekt (den reelle elektriske effekt der leveres) og hjælper med at holde netfrekvensen stabil. En model af en 160 MW vindmøllepark med 80 turbiner bruges til at teste controlleren. Kravene til controlleren følger de danske netkoder (regler for tilslutning og drift i elnettet). En Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, tunet efter Modulus Optimum-kriteriet, er implementeret som parkens hovedcontroller. Test viser, at controlleren er robust og kan afvise forstyrrelser under forskellige driftsforhold. To metoder til fordeling af effekt mellem turbinerne undersøges: ligelig fordeling og fordeling proportionalt med den enkelte turbins tilgængelige effekt. Den proportionale metode giver bedre ydeevne og vælges derfor. Projektet undersøger også, hvordan controllerens samplingtid (hvor ofte den opdaterer) og den valgte diskretiseringsmetode påvirker ydeevnen, både i onlinesimuleringer og i et realtidsmiljø med OPAL-RT. Resultatet er en trinvis metode til at designe og indstille controlleren for aktiv effekt.
This thesis focuses on designing and tuning a wind farm controller that manages active power (the real electrical power delivered) and helps keep grid frequency stable. A model of a 160 MW wind farm with 80 turbines is used to test the controller. The controller requirements follow Danish grid codes (rules for connection and operation in the power system). A Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, tuned using the Modulus Optimum criterion, is implemented as the main farm controller. Tests show that the controller is robust and can reject disturbances under different operating conditions. Two ways of distributing power commands among turbines are examined: equal sharing and sharing proportional to each turbine’s available power. The proportional method performs better and is therefore selected. The project also examines how the controller’s sampling time (how often it updates) and the chosen discretization method affect performance, both in online simulations and in a real-time environment using OPAL-RT. The outcome is a step-by-step method for designing and tuning the active power controller.
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