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A master's thesis from Aalborg University
Book cover


A Simulation Platform for Power System Restoration

Author

Term

4. term

Publication year

2019

Submitted on

Pages

63

Abstract

Genopbygning af elsystemet er arbejdet med at bringe elnettet tilbage i normal drift efter en omfattende strømafbrydelse. Denne afhandling præsenterer en fleksibel simuleringsplatform som beslutningsstøtte for planlægning af genopbygningen. Platformen bruger en rutesøgningsalgoritme baseret på elektrisk afstand – et mål for hvor stærkt dele af nettet er forbundet – til at vælge den næste station (bus) ud fra en black-start-enhed (et kraftværk der kan starte uden ekstern forsyning) eller allerede spændingssatte knudepunkter. Derefter lukkes afbrydere for at sætte spænding på, samtidig med at spændingen holdes inden for driftsgrænser. Undervejs kontrolleres netkrav til frekvens og spænding i hver station gennem tidsdomænesimuleringer, herunder RMS-simuleringer. Et lukket kredsløb af beslutningsstøtte beregner en ny rute, hvis komponenter er utilgængelige eller kravene ikke overholdes. Afhandlingen undersøger også virkningen af transformeres automatiske on-load tap changers (OLTC), som under drift justerer omspændingsforholdet og dermed påvirker spændingen under genopbygningen. Platformen er udviklet i DIgSILENT PowerFactory ved hjælp af DPL og kan anvendes med vilkårlig valgt black-start-enhed. Den kan tilpasses forskellige netsystemer og driftsforhold og er afprøvet på IEEE 39-bus New England-systemet med flere mulige black-start-forløb.

Power system restoration is the task of bringing the electric grid back to normal operation after a widespread outage. This thesis presents a flexible simulation platform that supports decision-making during restoration planning. The platform uses a path-search algorithm guided by electrical distance—a measure of how strongly parts of the grid are interconnected—to choose the next substation (bus) from an already energized node or a black-start unit (a power plant that can start without external power). It then closes switches to energize that path while keeping voltages within operating limits. At each step, the tool checks grid code requirements for frequency and voltage at every substation using time-domain simulations, including RMS simulations. A closed-loop decision process recalculates the energization path when needed, for example if components are unavailable or requirements are violated. The study also examines the effect of transformers’ automatic on-load tap changers (OLTC), which adjust voltage ratios under load and influence voltages during restoration. The platform is implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory using the DPL scripting language and can work with any selected black-start unit. It adapts to different power systems and operating conditions, and is demonstrated on the IEEE 39-bus New England system with multiple black-start paths.

[This abstract was generated with the help of AI]